第1章 SaltStack数据系统Grains

1.1 Grains介绍

Minion启动时收集的静态数据（只有minion启动时收集到的数据，启动后变化的数据无法更新）存放在Grains中。

1.2 Grains应用场景

• Grains可以在state系统中使用，用于配置管理模块
• Grains可以target中使用，在用来匹配Minion，比如匹配操作系统，使用-G选项
• Grains可以用于数据采集，Grains保存着收集到的客户端的详细信息

1.3 查看Grains收集到的信息

[[email protected] ~]# salt 'linux-node02' grains.ls
linux-node02:
    - SSDs
    - biosreleasedate
 ……

[[email protected] ~]# salt 'linux-node02' grains.items
linux-node02:
    ----------
    SSDs:
    biosreleasedate:
        07/29/2019
    biosversion:
        6.00
    cpu_flags:
        - fpu
        - vme
   ……

1.4 使用模板文件编写sls文件

1.4.1 使用Jinja模板步骤

1. 修改模板文件里面变量使用{{ 名称 }}，如{{ PORT }}
2. 修改sls文件中的file状态使用template参数：- template: jinja
3. 在template参数下添加变量列表，如 – defaults: PORT: 8080

1.4.2 模板文件里面变量书写方式

1.4.2.1 使用Grains方式：

{{ grains['fqdn_ip4'][0] }}

1.4.2.2 使用执行模块方式

{{ salt[‘network.hw_addr’](‘eth0’) }}

1.4.2.3 使用Pillar方式

{{ pillar[‘apache’][‘PORT’] }}

1.5 Grains案例：Apache监听本地IP地址

1.5.1 使用Grains获取minion本地IP地址

[[email protected] ~]# salt '*' grains.item fqdn_ip4
linux-node02:
    ----------
    fqdn_ip4:
        - 10.10.10.102
linux-node01:
    ----------
    fqdn_ip4:
        - 10.10.10.101

1.5.2 使用Jinja模板编写sls文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /srv/salt/base/web/apache.sls
apache-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - name: httpd

apache-config:
  file.managed:
    - name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
    - source: salt://web/files/httpd.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
    - template: jinja
    - defaults:
      PORT: 8080
      IPADDR: {{ grains['fqdn_ip4'][0] }}
    - require:
      - pkg: apache-install

apache-service:
  service.running:
    - name: httpd
    - enable: True
    - reload: True
    - watch:
      - file: apache-config

1.5.3 修改模板配置文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /srv/salt/base/web/files/httpd.conf
42 Listen {{ IPADDR }}:{{ PORT }}

1.5.4 运行批量管理

[[email protected] ~]# salt '*' state.highstate
linux-node01:
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: All specified packages are already installed
     Started: 15:51:07.829947
    Duration: 1498.821 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-config
    Function: file.managed
        Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
      Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf updated
     Started: 15:51:09.333043
    Duration: 43.146 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              diff:
                  --- 
                  +++ 
                  @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
                   # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
                   #
                   #Listen 12.34.56.78:80
                  -Listen 80 
                  +Listen 10.10.10.101:8080 
                   
                   #
                   # Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: Service reloaded
     Started: 15:51:09.467051
    Duration: 5225.763 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              httpd:
                  True

Summary for linux-node01
------------
Succeeded: 3 (changed=2)
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     3
Total run time:   6.768 s
linux-node02:
----------
          ID: apache-install
    Function: pkg.installed
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: All specified packages are already installed
     Started: 15:51:08.182471
    Duration: 1467.794 ms
     Changes:   
----------
          ID: apache-config
    Function: file.managed
        Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
      Result: True
     Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf updated
     Started: 15:51:09.654130
    Duration: 56.25 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              diff:
                  --- 
                  +++ 
                  @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
                   # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
                   #
                   #Listen 12.34.56.78:80
                  -Listen 80 
                  +Listen 10.10.10.102:8080 
                   
                   #
                   # Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
----------
          ID: apache-service
    Function: service.running
        Name: httpd
      Result: True
     Comment: Service reloaded
     Started: 15:51:09.792219
    Duration: 5267.125 ms
     Changes:   
              ----------
              httpd:
                  True

Summary for linux-node02
------------
Succeeded: 3 (changed=2)
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     3
Total run time:   6.791 s

第2章 SaltStack数据系统Pillar

备注：官方文档：https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/ref/pillar/index.html

2.1 Pillar和Grains区别

2.2 配置pillar

2.2.1 编辑master配置文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/salt/master
841 pillar_roots:
842   base:
843     - /srv/pillar/base
844   dev:
845     - /srv/pillar/dev
846   test:
847     - /srv/pillar/test
848   prod:
849     - /srv/pillar/prod

2.2.2 根据配置文件创建目录

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /srv/pillar/{base,dev,test,prod}

2.2.3 重启master服务

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart salt-master

2.3 使用pillar

2.3.1 编写sls文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /srv/pillar/base/top.sls
base:
  '*':
    - web

[[email protected] ~]# vim /srv/pillar/base/web.sls
{% if grains['fqdn'] == 'linux-node01' %}
package: nginx
{% elif grains['fqdn'] == 'linux-node02' %}
package: httpd
{% endif %}

2.3.2 刷新pillar

[[email protected] ~]# salt '*' saltutil.refresh_pillar
linux-node01:
    True
linux-node02:
    True

2.3.3 查询pillar数据

[[email protected] ~]# salt '*' pillar.items
linux-node01:
    ----------
    package:
        nginx
linux-node02:
    ----------
    package:
        httpd

[[email protected] ~]# salt -I package:httpd cmd.run hostname
linux-node02:
linux-node02

2.3.4 使用pillar数据

[[email protected] ~]# vim /srv/salt/base/web/web.sls
web-install:
  pkg.installed:
    - pkgs:
      - {{ pillar['package'] }}

[[email protected] ~]# salt '*' state.sls web.web