1.1 查看系统环境
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.9 (Final) [[email protected] ~]# uname -r 2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64
1.2 安装依赖库pcre-devel和openssl-devel
[[email protected] tools]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel ... Installed: openssl-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.1e-57.el6 pcre-devel.x86_64 0:7.8-7.el6 Dependency Installed: keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64 0:1.4-5.el6 krb5-devel.x86_64 0:1.10.3-65.el6 libcom_err-devel.x86_64 0:1.41.12-23.el6 libkadm5.x86_64 0:1.10.3-65.el6 libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.0.94-7.el6 libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.0.41-4.el6 zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.3-29.el6 Complete! [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa "pcre|openssl" pcre-7.8-7.el6.x86_64 openssl-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64
pcre全称为perl compatible regular expressions，中文译名为“perl兼容正则表达式”，安装pcre库是为了使Nginx支持具备URI重写功能的pcre库，则Nginx无法使用rewrite模块功能，Nginx的rewrite模块功能几乎是企业应用必须的。
安装openssl是为了使网站支持https加密连接。
1.3 添加nginx服务映射用户
- CentOS6：
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologoin -M www [[email protected] ~]# id www uid=501(www) gid=501(www) groups=501(www)
- CentOS 7：
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologoin -M nginx
1.4 下载nginx二进制软件包
[[email protected] ~]# cd /server/tools/ [[email protected] tools]# wget -q http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz [[email protected] tools]# ls nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
1.5 解压并编译软件
- CentOS 6：
[[email protected] tools]# tar xf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz [[email protected] tools]# ls nginx-1.10.3 nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
[[email protected] nginx-1.10.3]# ./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.10.3 --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module ... Configuration summary #配置编译时使用了哪些库 + using system PCRE library + using system OpenSSL library + md5: using OpenSSL library + sha1: using OpenSSL library + using system zlib library nginx path prefix: "/application/nginx-1.10.3" nginx binary file: "/application/nginx-1.10.3/sbin/nginx" nginx modules path: "/application/nginx-1.10.3/modules" nginx configuration prefix: "/application/nginx-1.10.3/conf" nginx configuration file: "/application/nginx-1.10.3/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file: "/application/nginx-1.10.3/logs/nginx.pid" nginx error log file: "/application/nginx-1.10.3/logs/error.log" nginx http access log file: "/application/nginx-1.10.3/logs/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp" #软件编译过程中，利用返回值，判断操作是否正确 [[email protected] nginx-1.10.3]# echo $ 0
#编译软件 [[email protected] nginx-1.10.3]# make ... sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/application/nginx-1.10.3|" \ -e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/application/nginx-1.10.3/logs/nginx.pid|" \ -e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/application/nginx-1.10.3/conf/nginx.conf|" \ -e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/application/nginx-1.10.3/logs/error.log|" \ < man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8 make[1]: Leaving directory `/server/tools/nginx-1.10.3' [[email protected] nginx-1.10.3]# echo $ 0
#编译安装 [[email protected] nginx-1.10.3]# make install ... make[1]: Leaving directory `/server/tools/nginx-1.10.3' [[email protected] nginx-1.10.3]# echo $ 0
#检查安装 [[email protected] nginx-1.10.3]# cd /application/ [[email protected] application]# ll total 4 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Sep 11 16:02 nginx-1.10.3
- CentOS 7：
[[email protected] tools]# tar xf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz [[email protected] tools]# cd nginx-1.12.1/ [[email protected] nginx-1.12.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.12.1 --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module [[email protected] nginx-1.12.1]# make && make install
1.5.1 编译参数说明
[[email protected] nginx-1.10.3]# ./configure --help --prefix=PATH set installation prefix #设置安装路径 --user=USER set non-privileged user for worker processes #进程用户权限 --group=GROUP set non-privileged group for worker processes #进程用户组权限 --with-http_ssl_module enable ngx_http_ssl_module #激活ssl功能 --with-http_stub_status_module enable ngx_http_stub_status_module #激活状态信息 ...
提示：Nginx的大部分模块功能都会默认编译到软件中，不需要单独制定编译参数，如果不指定安装路径，则默认安装到/usr/local/目录中
1.6 创建软链接
1.6.1 创建目录软链接
[[email protected] ~]# ln -s /application/nginx-1.10.3/ /application/nginx [[email protected] application]# ll total 4 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 26 Sep 11 16:13 nginx -> /application/nginx-1.10.3/ drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Sep 11 16:02 nginx-1.10.3
安装时指定版本号路径是为了便于查看区分当前使用的Nginx版本，方便以后升级；内部人员使用/application/nginx/，nginx程序升级后，只要重新建立新的到/application/nginx/的软链接即可, 这样就可以不用每次都修改程序代码，因为升级后的路径还是/application/nginx。
- CentOS 7：
[[email protected] ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx-1.12.1/ /usr/local/nginx
1.6.2 创建程序软链接
[[email protected] ~]# ln -s /application/nginx-1.10.3/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx
因为/application目录不在PATH变量中，每次需要使用全路径执行命令，在/usr/local/sbin/中创建软链接后即可直接使用nginx命令。
- CentOS 7：
[[email protected] ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx
1.7 编辑配置文件
[[email protected] conf]# egrep -v "#|^$" nginx.conf.default > nginx.conf [[email protected] conf]# cat nginx.conf worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } }
1.8 启动并检查安装结果
1.8.1 启动nginx并检查结果
[[email protected] ~]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx #或直接使用nginx命令 [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx root 26875 1 0 16:15 00:00:00 nginx: master process /application/nginx/sbin/nginx www 26876 26875 0 16:15 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 26878 1375 0 16:16 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nginx [[email protected] ~]# lsof -i:80 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 26875 root 6u IPv4 34405 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 26876 www 6u IPv4 34405 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
1.8.2 停止Nginx并检查结果
[[email protected] ~]# nginx -s stop [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx root 26906 1375 0 16:33 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nginx [[email protected] ~]# lsof -i:80
1.8.3 平滑重启Nginx并检查结果
[[email protected] ~]# nginx #必须要服务已经启动后才能使用 -s reload，否则报错 [[email protected] ~]# nginx -s reload [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx root 26911 1 0 16:34 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx www 26914 26911 0 16:34 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 26919 1375 0 16:35 pts/0 00:00:00 grep nginx [[email protected] ~]# lsof -i:80 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME nginx 26911 root 6u IPv4 35376 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 26914 www 6u IPv4 35376 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
1.8.4 实际检查启动结果
1.9 Nginx命令配置参数
[[email protected] ~]# nginx -h nginx version: nginx/1.10.3 Usage: nginx [- hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives] Options: - ,-h : this help -v : show version and exit -V : show version and configure options then exit -t : test configuration and exit -T : test configuration, dump it and exit -q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing -s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload -p prefix : set prefix path (default: /application/nginx-1.10.3/) -c filename : set configuration file (default: conf/nginx.conf) -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
- 检查配置文件语法是否正确
[[email protected] ~]# nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /application/nginx-1.10.3/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /application/nginx-1.10.3/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
- 查看软件编译安装配置信息
[[email protected] ~]# nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.10.3 built by gcc 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18) (GCC) built with OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013 TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --prefix=/application/nginx-1.10.3 --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
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